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| Field name | Value |
|---|---|
| Title | Emigration (and Coolie Immigration), 1876. Volume 5. Offices and Individuals |
| Date | 3 Jan 1876 - 27 Feb 1877 |
| Document Type | Correspondence; Manuscript |
| Reference | CO 384/112 |
| Library / Archive | The National Archives |
| Collection Name | War and Colonial Department and Colonial Office: Emigration Original Correspondence. |
| Description | Correspondence received by various government offices, mostly the India Office and the Foreign Office, pertaining to matters regarding the general administration of the Colonies. Key topics include the emigration of female indentured workers, conditions on indentured labourer ships and plantations, the life and crimes of labourers, the supply and demand of indentured workers, emigration schemes both for indentured workers and Europeans, and funding and admin. Contains much material on Indian and Chinese indentured labour, and the failing emigration schemes in Chupat and Kittoland. |
| Series Description | This series contains correspondence relating to British settlement in North America and Australasia, and to Indian indentured labour in the West Indies. Until 1857 it consists of domestic letters alone. The series then ceases and is not resumed until 1872. |
| Biographical Note / History | A Colonial Land and Emigration Commission was created in 1840 to undertake the duties of two earlier and overlapping authorities under the supervision of the secretary of state: the Colonisation Commissioners for South Australia and the Agent General for Emigration. In 1855 it became the Emigration Commission. The commission's powers were gradually given up to the larger colonies as they obtained self-government, and after 1873 it was responsible only for controlling the importation of Indian labour into sugar-producing colonies. It was abolished in 1878 and an Emigration Department was then set up in the Colonial Office. This department was merged with the General Department in 1894, and abolished altogether in 1896. |
| Theme(s) | Arrivals: Ports and Early Experiences; Religion, Ethnic Identity and Community Relations; Responses to Immigration; Politics, Legislation and Governance; Remigration |
| Country (from) | Great Britain; Ireland; British Guiana; Germany; South Africa; Trinidad; Mauritius; Nevis; Surinam; Malaysia; Holland; Argentina; Indonesia; China; Brazil; United States of America; Canada; Australia; Mozambique; Portugal; Switzerland; Sierra Leone; Russia; India |
| Country (to) | British Guiana; French Guiana; India; Jamaica; St Vincent; Guadeloupe; South Africa; Martinique; Réunion; Trinidad; Mauritius; Nevis; Surinam; Malaysia; Holland; Argentina; Sumatra, Indonesia; China; Germany; Chile; Brazil; United States of America; Canada; Australia; Mozambique; Sierra Leone; Virgin Islands; Chad; Barbados; Sandwich Islands; Cuba |
| Places | Victoria, Northern Territory, Paruna, Australia; Demerara, British Guiana; Bengal, Pondicherry, Karikal, Simla, Darjeeling, Behar, Oude, Madras, Punjab, Nepal, Orissa, Bombay, India; Cayenne, French Guiana; Cape of Good Hope, Durban, South Africa; Chupat, Patagonia, Buenos Aires, Assunguy, Argentina; New Orleans, Washington, San Francisco, California, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States; Acheen, Delagoa Bay, Mozambique; St Thomas, Virgin Islands; Palu, Chad; Petropolis, Rio de Janeiro, Kittoland, Brazil; Lima, Peru; Canton, Peking, Assan, Shanghai, China; Lisbon, Portugal; Sherbo Island, Sierra Leone; Calliaqua, St Vincent; Hamburg, Germany; Kingston, Jamaica; St Petersburg, Russia; Sumatra, Indonesia |
| Ports | Natal, South Africa; Southampton, Liverpool, London, Plymouth, England; Glasgow, Greenock, Scotland; Cork, Londonderry, Ireland; Hong Kong, China |
| Nationality | English; Irish; Scottish; Welsh; French; German; Portuguese; Swiss; Dutch; Indian; Chinese; Malaysian; Barbadian; South African; Argentinian; Brazilian; Russian |
| Ships | Forfarshire; Chetah; Ganges; Ailsa; Virago; Iberia; Galileo; Jura; Volage; Winchester; Sussex; Jane; Harpley; Roman Emperor; Tartar; Ellen Oliver; Mogul; Clarence; Napoleon III; Wellesby; Alumghier; Glenroy; Jason; Iskendershah; Blenheim; Almora; Philosopher; St. Malda; Enmore; Artist; Merchantman; Berkshire; Latona; Lincelles; Syria; Umvoti; Mofussilite; Dacca; Essex; Plassy; Brechin Castle; Neva; St James; Jumna; Robert Lees; Atalanta; Rohilla; Peterborough; Gainsborough; Linguist; Botanist; Pandora; Foyle; Locawar; King Arthur; Winifred; Middlesex |
| People | Herbert, Robert G W; Walcott, Stephen; Lord Carnarvon (Herbert, Henry Howard Molyneux); Baron Pauncefote (Pauncefote, Sir Julian); Murdoch, Thomas William Clinton; Walcott, Stephen; Lord Kimberley (Wodehouse, John); Earl of Derby (Stanley, Sir Edward Henry); Duke of Argyll (Campbell, George); Marquis of Salisbury (Gascoyne-Cecil, Robert); Hamilton, Lord George; Ommanney, Sir Montagu Frederick |
| Keywords | Forfeited Deposit Fund, Mennonite Church, journey conditions, death, mortality rate, disease, surgeon, hospital, health, female indentured labour, labour, wages, cholera, Hindu, castes, land, land grant, Labour Ordinance, rape, ill treatment, Protector of Emigrants, Coolie, emigration scheme, anti-Chinese problem, steam ships, Immigration Act, Crown lands, Anti-Slavery Society, West Indian Committee, London Missionary Society |
| Additional Information | The following foliated pages were not captured as they were blank: folio 565 / 672 / 781 / 990. |
| Language | English; French; German; Spanish; Portuguese |
| Document(s) linked to |
Emigration (and Coolie Immigration), 1876. Volume 1. Despatches: Eastern, Australian and Miscellaneous Emigration (and Coolie Immigration), 1876. Volume 2. Despatches: West Indies Emigration (and Coolie Immigration), 1876. Volume 3. Despatches: West Indies Emigration (and Coolie Immigration), 1876. Volume 4. Despatches: West Indies |
| Copyright | Crown Copyright documents © are reproduced by permission of The National Archives London, UK |
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