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| Field name | Value |
|---|---|
| Title | Entry-Books of Correspondence: Letters to the Colonial Office. West Indies, Mauritius, 1859-1867 |
| Author | Rogers, Frederic; Murdoch, Thomas William Clinton; Walcott, Stephen |
| Date | 14 Jan 1859 - 16 Nov 1867 |
| Document Type | Correspondence |
| Reference | CO 386/92 |
| Library / Archive | The National Archives |
| Collection Name | Colonial Office: Land and Emigration Commission, etc. |
| Description | Copies of out-letters regarding indentured labour from India and China, addressed to Herman Merivale, Frederic Rogers and J. F. W. Elliot, some for the attention of the Secretary of State for the Colonies. The correspondence concerns the regulation of 'Coolie' migration, conditions on board migrant ships, various costs, liberated Africans, the numbers of female migrants, indentured migration to Spanish, Danish and French colonies, competition with Spanish and French migration agents in China, misconduct by those involved in indentured labour migration, coordinating anti-slavery efforts with the United States, and requests for papers to be laid before Parliament. An index is included at the end of the volume. |
| Series Description | This series contains original correspondence, entry books and registers of the Agent General for Emigration, the South Australian Commissioners and the Land and Emigration Commission. Amongst the miscellaneous contents are registers of births and deaths of emigrants at sea 1854-1869, lists of ships chartered 1847-1875, registers of surgeons appointed 1854-1894, and volumes of The Colonial Gazette 1838-1842. |
| Biographical Note / History | A Colonial Land and Emigration Commission was created in 1840 to undertake the duties of two earlier and overlapping authorities which were both under the supervision of the Secretary of State. These were the Colonisation Commissioners for South Australia, established under an Act of 1834, and the Agent General for Emigration, appointed in 1837. The new commission dealt with grants of land, the outward movement of settlers, the administration of the Passengers' Acts of 1855 and 1863 and, from 1846 to 1859, the scrutiny of colonial legislation. In 1855 it became the Emigration Commission. In 1873 the administration of the Passengers' Acts was transferred to the Board of Trade. The commission's powers were gradually given up to the larger colonies as they obtained self-government, and after 1873 its only duties were the control of the importation of Indian indentured labour into sugar-producing colonies and it was abolished in 1878. |
| Theme(s) | Politics, Legislation and Governance; Journey Conditions; Departures: Port Conditions and Organisation |
| Country (from) | China; India; Sri Lanka; Sierra Leone |
| Country (to) | Mexico; British Guiana; Cuba; Martinique; St Lucia; St Vincent; St Pierre; Tobago; Trinidad; United States of America; St Vincent; Anguilla; Jamaica; Cuba; Antigua; St Croix; Mauritius |
| Places | London, England; Beijing, China; Paris, France; Reunion |
| Ports | Hong Kong, Amoy, Guangzhou, China; Madras, Calcutta, Bombay, India |
| Nationality | Indian; Chinese; Asian; Sri Lankan; African |
| Ships | Ravenscraig; Francis Ridley; Good Hope; Clarendon; Adelaide |
| People | Merivale, Herman; Rogers, Frederic; Lord Lytton (Edward Bulwer Lytton); Lord Carnarvon (Herbert, Henry Howard Molyneux); Earl Russell (Russell, Lord John) |
| Keywords | victualling, diplomacy, female emigration, child migration, sugar, slavery, shipping, coolie, indentured labour, agriculture, legislation, administration, Bounty Emigration, agent, regulations, surgeon, death, money, finance, surgeon, agent, kidnap, return passage, labour, labourer, coolie, Liberated Africans |
| Language | English |
| Copyright | Crown Copyright documents © are reproduced by permission of The National Archives London, UK |
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